Journal article
Using increased structural detail of the cortex to improve the accuracy of modeling the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on neocortical activation
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA. Ming.Chen@materialise.com1
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique that can alter brain activation by inducing electrical current in neurons using dynamic magnetic fields. Because of its painless nature, clinical usage has expanded to diagnostic purposes and therapeutic treatments. However, several issues and challenges still exist for TMS.
A very limited understanding of the interaction between magnetic fields, cortical structure, and consequent brain excitation is currently available. Most previously published models lack key anatomical details that are essential elements in calculating induced electric fields critical to brain activation.
In this study, gross human brain and head structures were derived using multiple modality images and a finite-element model was constructed. Furthermore, microstructural detail was incorporated using neocortical columnar structures. Using this detailed model, we investigated the influence of TMS coil position, distance and orientation on induced electric fields, and neocortical activation.
Several activation standards and conductivity values were tested for their impact on the distribution of neocortical activation. Optimized activation patterns agreed well with published clinical experiments, under similar coil configurations. A structurally detailed finite-element model capable of accurately predicting neocortical activation for a given coil/magnetic field profile may provide a critical resource for understanding the electrophysiological consequences of TMS and for further refinement of this important technique.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | IEEE |
Year: | 2010 |
Pages: | 1216-1226 |
ISSN: | 15582531 and 00189294 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1109/TBME.2009.2037493 |
Animals Brain modeling Coils Computer Simulation Conductivity Finite Element Analysis Finite element methods Finite-element model Humans MRI Magnetic fields Magnetic heads Magnetic stimulation Models, Anatomic Models, Neurological Neocortex Neurons Noninvasive treatment Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity TMS coil distance TMS coil orientation TMS coil position Therapy, Computer-Assisted Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) biological effects of fields biomagnetism brain activation brain models cortex structural detail dynamic magnetic field electrical current induction electromagnetic induction finite element analysis finite element model neocortical activation neuron noninvasive brain stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation