Designed defects in 2D antidot lattices for quantum information processing

We propose a new physical implementation of spin qubits for quantum information processing, namely defect states in antidot lattices defined in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at a semiconductor heterostructure. Calculations of the band structure of a periodic antidot lattice are presented. A point defect is created by removing a single antidot, and calculations show that localized states form within the defect, with an energy structure which is robust against thermal dephasing.

The exchange coupling between two electrons residing in two tunnel-coupled defect states is calculated numerically. We find results reminiscent of double quantum dot structures, indicating that the suggested structure is a feasible physical implementation of spin qubits.