Production and cytogenetics of Brassica campestris-alboglabra chromosome addition lines

Four different Brassica campestris-alboglabra monosomic addition lines (AA + 1 chromosome from C, 2n = 21) were obtained after consecutive backcrosses between resynthesized B. napus (AACC, 2n = 38) and the parental B. campestris (AA, 2n = 20) accession. The alien chromosomes of B. alboglabra (CC, 2n = 18) in the addition lines were distinguished by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis and morphology of mitotic chromosomes.

Four RAPD marker synteny groups were established, which represented the four different alien chromosomes of B. alboglabra in the four addition lines. Three of the four addition lines were identified to harbour chromosomes 4, 8 or 9 of B. alboglabra. Studies on meiotic pairing in the addition lines revealed intergenomic homeology relationships among specific chromosome arms between the A- and C-genomes.

The long arm of B. campestris chromosome 9 was homoeologous with the long arm of B. alboglabra chromosome 4, while its short arm with the short arms of B. alboglabra chromosomes 8 and 9. Such an intergenomic homoeology relationship supports the hypothesis that B. campestris and B. alboglabra share a common ancestor but that chromosomal rearrangements have occurred during the evolution of the two species.

Intergenomic introgression was observed in the progenies of the addition lines. The introgression of an entire B. alboglabra marker synteny group into the B. campestris genome implied the possible occurrence of interspecific chromosomal substitution.