Journal article
Bacteria Detection and Differentiation Using Impedance Flow Cytometry
SBT Instruments ApS1
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark2
Nano Bio Integrated Systems, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark3
University of Barcelona4
Nanocarbon, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark5
Monitoring of bacteria concentrations is of great importance in drinking water management. Continuous real-time monitoring enables better microbiological control of the water and helps prevent contaminated water from reaching the households. We have developed a microfluidic sensor with the potential to accurately assess bacteria levels in drinking water in real-time.
Multi frequency electrical impedance spectroscopy is used to monitor a liquid sample, while it is continuously passed through the sensor. We investigate three aspects of this sensor: First we show that the sensor is able to differentiate Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria from solid particles (polystyrene beads) based on an electrical response in the high frequency phase and individually enumerate the two samples.
Next, we demonstrate the sensor's ability to measure the bacteria concentration by comparing the results to those obtained by the traditional CFU counting method. Last, we show the sensor's potential to distinguish between different bacteria types by detecting different signatures for S. aureus and E. coli mixed in the same sample.
Our investigations show that the sensor has the potential to be extremely effective at detecting sudden bacterial contaminations found in drinking water, and eventually also identify them.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | MDPI |
Year: | 2018 |
Pages: | 3496 |
ISSN: | 14243210 and 14248220 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.3390/s18103496 |
ORCIDs: | Dimaki, Maria , Bertelsen, Christian Vinther , Thomsen, Joachim Dahl and Svendsen, Winnie Edith |
Bacteria counting Bacteria detection Bacteria differentiation Electrical impedance spectroscopy Water quality
Bacteriological Techniques Chemical technology Drinking Water Electric Impedance Equipment Design Escherichia coli Flow Cytometry Microfluidic Analytical Techniques Staphylococcus aureus TP1-1185 Water Microbiology bacteria counting bacteria detection bacteria differentiation electrical impedance spectroscopy water quality