Journal article
Scalable, ambient atmosphere roll-to-roll manufacture of encapsulated large area, flexible organic tandem solar cell modules
Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark1
Functional organic materials, Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark2
Imaging and Structural Analysis, Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark3
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg4
French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission5
Heraeus GmbH6
DELO Industrial Adhesives7
Merck Chemicals Ltd.8
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd.9
Inline printing and coating methods have been demonstrated to enable a high technical yield of fully roll-to-roll processed polymer tandem solar cell modules. We demonstrate generality by employing different material sets and also describe how the ink systems must be carefully co-developed in order to reach the ambitious objective of a fully printed and coated 14-layer flexible tandem solar cell stack.
The roll-to-roll methodologies involved are flexographic printing, rotary screen printing, slot-die coating, X-ray scattering, electrical testing and UV-lamination. Their combination enables the manufacture of completely functional devices in exceptionally high yields. Critical to the ink and process development is a carefully chosen technology transfer to industry method where first a roll coater is employed enabling contactless stack build up, followed by a small roll-to-roll coater fitted to an X-ray machine enabling in situ studies of wet ink deposition and drying mechanisms, ultimately elucidating how a robust inline processed recombination layer is key to a high technical yield.
Finally, the transfer to full roll-to-roll processing is demonstrated.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
Year: | 2014 |
Pages: | 2925-2933 |
ISSN: | 17545706 and 17545692 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1039/c4ee01223b |
ORCIDs: | Hösel, Markus , Helgesen, Martin , Larsen-Olsen, Thue Trofod , Gevorgyan, Suren , Andreasen, Jens Wenzel , Søndergaard, Roar R. , Jørgensen, Mikkel and Krebs, Frederik C |