Journal article
TOF-SIMS investigation of degradation pathways occurring in a variety of organic photovoltaic devices – the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration
Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark1
Ilmenau University of Technology2
Centre d’Investigació en Nanociència i Nanotecnologia3
L'Université Clermont Auvergne4
CNRS5
Brookhaven National Laboratory6
Imaging and Structural Analysis, Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark7
Functional organic materials, Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark8
Dresden University of Technology9
Stichting Katholieke Universiteit10
National Renewable Energy Laboratory11
Holst Centre12
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft13
Hasselt University14
Interuniversitair Micro-Elektronica Centrum15
...and 5 moreThe present work is the fourth (and final) contribution to an inter-laboratory collaboration that was planned at the 3rd International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS-3). The collaboration involved six laboratories capable of producing seven distinct sets of OPV devices that were degraded under well-defined conditions in accordance with the ISOS-3 protocols.
The degradation experiments lasted up to 1830 hours and involved more than 300 cells on more than 100 devices. The devices were analyzed and characterized at different points of their lifetimes by a large number of non-destructive and destructive techniques in order to identify specific degradation mechanisms responsible for the deterioration of the photovoltaic response.
Work presented herein involves time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) in order to study chemical degradation in-plane as well as in-depth in the organic solar cells. Various degradation mechanisms were investigated and correlated with cell performance. For example, photo-oxidation of the active material was quantitatively studied as a function of cell performance.
The large variety of cell architectures used (some with and some without encapsulation) enabled valuable comparisons and important conclusions to be drawn on degradation behaviour. This comprehensive investigation of OPV stability has significantly advanced the understanding of degradation behaviour in OPV devices, which is an important step towards large scale application of organic solar cells.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
Year: | 2012 |
Pages: | 11780-11799 |
ISSN: | 14639084 and 14639076 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1039/c2cp41787a |
ORCIDs: | Hösel, Markus , Jørgensen, Mikkel , Gevorgyan, Suren , Vesterager Madsen, Morten , Bundgaard, Eva , Krebs, Frederik C and Norrman, Kion |