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Journal article

Technical and economic working domains of industrial heat pumps: Part 1 - single stage vapour compression heat pumps

By Ommen, Torben Schmidt1,2; Jensen, Jonas Kjær1,2; Markussen, Wiebke Brix1,2; Reinholdt, Lars3; Elmegaard, Brian1,2

From

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark1

Thermal Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark2

Danish Technological Institute3

A large amount of operational and economic constraints limit the applicability of heat pumps operated with natural working fluids. The limitations are highly dependent on the integration of heat source and sink streams. An evaluation of feasible operating conditions was carried out considering the constraints of available refrigeration equipment and a requirement of a positive net present value of the investment.

Six heat pump systems were considered, corresponding to an upper limit of the sink temperature of 120 °C. For each set of heat sink and source temperatures the best available technology was determined. The results showed that four different heat pump systems propose the best available technology at different parts of the complete domain.

Ammonia systems presented the best available technology at low sink outlet temperature. At high temperature difference between sink in- and outlet, the transcritical R744 expands the working domain for low sink outlet temperatures.

Language: English
Year: 2015
Pages: 168-182
ISSN: 01407007 and 18792081
Types: Journal article
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2015.02.012
ORCIDs: Ommen, Torben Schmidt , Jensen, Jonas Kjær , Markussen, Wiebke Brix and Elmegaard, Brian
Keywords

Absorption-compression heat pump Economic evaluation Industrial heat pumps Natural refrigerants Working domain

Other keywords

Domaine de fonctionnement Evaluation économique Fluides actifs naturels Méthode de conception de Pinch Natural working fluids Pinch design method Pompes à chaleur industrielles

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