Emission of Secondary Electrons from Solid Deuterium

An experimental facility was built where films of solid deuterium of known thickness could be made and where they could be irradiated with pulsed beams of electrons (up to 3 keV) and light ions (up to 10 keV). Studies of secondary electron emission were made and the secondary electron emission coefficient ϵ was measured for deuterium for various angles of incidence at electron energies of 0.5–3.0 keV.

For normal incidence ϵ is quite small; it is well below one for all particle energies. It is seen that the angular dependence of ϵ is given by , where θ is the angle of incidence.