Journal article
Rumen Bacterial Community Transition During Adaptation to High-grain Diet
STAFF-Institute, Rumen Microbiology Research Team, 446-1, Kamiyokoba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan1
National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan2
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A3
Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan4
Transitional changes of the ruminal bacterial community structure in cows during the switch from roughage to high-grain diet were monitored by PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA clone libraries. In total, one hundred fifty 16S rDNA sequences of almost full-length (1.4 kb) were analysed from three libraries prepared from the rumen fluid on day 0, 3, and 28 of switch to high-grain diet.
In the first library (day 0, hay diet) of 51clones, 90.2% of sequences were belonging to the low G+C Gram-positive bacteria (LGCGPB) phylum, with the minor inclusion of theCytophaga-Flavobacter-Bacteroides (CFB;3.9%), Proteobacteria (3.9%) and high G+C Gram-positive bacteria (HGCGPB;2.0%) phyla-related sequences.
Six LGCGPB sequences were clustered with the well-known cellulolytics of the rumen, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and R. albus. In the second library (day 3 of high-grain diet) of 58 clones, the LGCGPB-related sequences still dominated (72.4%), albeit being represented by other species than in the first library.
In particular, this library was enriched by representatives of Selenomonas-Succiniclasticum-Megasphaera group IX (17.2%), lactobacilli- (6.9%) and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens lineage 3-related (8.6%) sequences. Other phyla were represented by CFB (22.4%) and HGCGPB (3.4%). In the third library (day 28 of high-grain diet) of 41 clones, 95% of sequences fell into the LGCGPB phylum.
About half of them (46%) were clustered within theSelenomonas-Succiniclasticum-Megasphaera group in Clostridium cluster IX. No HGCGPB-related sequences were detected and CFB was represented by only a single clone. No Streptococcus bovis -related sequences were detected in any of the three clone libraries.
Language: | English |
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Year: | 2000 |
Pages: | 273-284 |
ISSN: | 10958274 and 10759964 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1006/anae.2000.0353 |