Experimental study of air distribution and ventilation effectiveness in a room heated by warm air and/or floor heating

The levels of required ventilation depend on the criteria for indoor air quality in existing standards and guidelines. On top of that, the resulting ventilation in air changes per hour is depending on the ventilation effectiveness. In the standard CR 1752 the recommended values for ventilation effectiveness depend on position of supply and exhaust device and on the difference between supply and room air temperature.

Among other, for warm air heating the ventilation effectiveness is always less than 1 and it can be as low as 0.4. This would then require increased amount of ventilation. But how much higher ventilation rate is needed? And will it be sufficient to heat a low energy house alone with warm air heating? The performance of an experimental residential room, heated by only a warm air system or by a combination of a ventilation system and floor heating, has been studied.