Journal article
Development of an Immunosensor for PfHRP 2 as a Biomarker for Malaria Detection
Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP 2) was selected in this work as the biomarker for the detection and diagnosis of malaria. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was first developed to evaluate the immunoreagent's suitability for the sensor's development. A gold-based sensor with an integrated counter and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode was first selected and characterised and then used to develop the immunosensor for PfHRP 2, which enables a low cost, easy to use, and sensitive biosensor for malaria diagnosis.
The sensor was applied to immobilise the anti-PfHRP 2 monoclonal antibody as the capture receptor. A sandwich ELISA assay format was constructed using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the enzyme label, and the electrochemical signal was generated using a 3, 3', 5, 5' tetramethyl-benzidine dihydrochloride (TMB)/H₂O₂ system.
The performance of the assay and the sensor were optimised and characterised, achieving a PfHRP 2 limit of detection (LOD) of 2.14 ng·mL-1 in buffer samples and 2.95 ng∙mL-1 in 100% spiked serum samples. The assay signal was then amplified using gold nanoparticles conjugated detection antibody-enzyme and a detection limit of 36 pg∙mL-1 was achieved in buffer samples and 40 pg∙mL-1 in serum samples.
This sensor format is ideal for malaria detection and on-site analysis as a point-of-care device (POC) in resource-limited settings where the implementation of malaria diagnostics is essential in control and elimination efforts.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | MDPI |
Year: | 2017 |
Pages: | 28 |
ISSN: | 20796374 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.3390/bios7030028 |
ORCIDs: | Ashley, Jon and 0000-0002-8208-6658 |