Quadrature phase shift keying coherent state discrimination via a hybrid receiver

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a near-optimal discrimination scheme for the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) protocol. We show in theory that the performance of our hybrid scheme is superior to the standard scheme—heterodyne detection—for all signal amplitudes and underpin the predictions with our experimental results.

Furthermore, our scheme provides hitherto the best performance in the domain of highly attenuated signals. The discrimination is composed of a quadrature measurement, a conditional displacement and a threshold detector.