Journal article
The intestinal microbiome is a co-determinant of the postprandial plasma glucose response
University of Copenhagen1
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark2
National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark3
Research Group for Gut, Microbes and Health, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark4
Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark5
Disease Systems Immunology, Section for Protein Science and Biotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark6
Clinical Microbiomics A/S7
Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark8
Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark9
Disease Data Intelligence, Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark10
...and 0 moreElevated postprandial plasma glucose is a risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that the inter-individual postprandial plasma glucose response varies partly depending on the intestinal microbiome composition and function. We analyzed data from Danish adults (n = 106), who were self-reported healthy and attended the baseline visit of two previously reported randomized controlled cross-over trials within the Gut, Grain and Greens project.
Plasma glucose concentrations at five time points were measured before and during three hours after a standardized breakfast. Based on these data, we devised machine learning algorithms integrating bio-clinical, as well as shotgun-sequencing-derived taxa and functional potentials of the intestinal microbiome to predict individual postprandial glucose excursions.
In this post hoc study, we found microbial and clinical features, which predicted up to 48% of the inter-individual variance of postprandial plasma glucose responses (Pearson correlation coefficient of measured vs. predicted values, R = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.84, p<0.001). The features were age, fasting serum triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, BMI, fasting total serum cholesterol, abundance of Bifidobacterium genus, richness of metagenomics species and abundance of a metagenomic species annotated to Clostridiales at order level.
A model based only on microbial features predicted up to 14% of the variance in postprandial plasma glucose excursions (R = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.64, p = 0.04). Adding fasting glycaemic measures to the model including microbial and bio-clinical features increased the predictive power to R = 0.78 (95% CI: 0.59 to 0.89, p<0.001), explaining more than 60% of the inter-individual variance of postprandial plasma glucose concentrations.
The outcome of the study points to a potential role of the taxa and functional potentials of the intestinal microbiome. If validated in larger studies our findings may be included in future algorithms attempting to develop personalized nutrition, especially for prediction of individual blood glucose excursions in dys-glycaemic individuals.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
Year: | 2020 |
Pages: | e0238648 |
ISSN: | 19326203 , 15537358 and 1553734x |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0238648 |
ORCIDs: | Bahl, Martin Iain , Eriksen, Carsten , Brix, Susanne , Gupta, Ramneek , Licht, Tine Rask , 0000-0001-6350-8117 , 0000-0002-0886-9101 , 0000-0002-0065-8174 , 0000-0003-4813-7017 , 0000-0002-7387-8557 , 0000-0002-9516-4424 , 0000-0001-5948-8993 , 0000-0001-8748-3831 , 0000-0001-7184-5949 and 0000-0002-3321-3972 |