Journal article
Dietary n-6 PUFA, carbohydrate:protein ratio and change in body weight and waist circumference: a follow-up study
1Department of Public Health,Section for Epidemiology,Aarhus University,Bartholins Allé 2,DK-8000 Aarhus C,Denmark.1
2National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research,Bergen,Norway.2
4Department of Cardiology,Center for Cardiovascular Research,Aalborg University Hospital,Aalborg,Denmark.3
5The Danish Cancer Society Research Center,Copenhagen,Denmark.4
6Institute of Preventive Medicine,Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospitals - a part of Copenhagen University Hospital,The Capital Region,Copenhagen,Denmark.5
3Department of Biology,University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark.6
To investigate the association between the intake of n-6 PUFA and subsequent change in body weight and waist circumference at different levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio. Follow-up study with anthropometric measurements at recruitment and on average 5·3 years later. Dietary intake was determined at recruitment by using an FFQ that was designed for the study and validated.
We applied linear regression models with 5-year change in weight or waist circumference as outcome and including a two-way interaction term between n-6 PUFA and carbohydrate intakes, lower-order terms, protein intake, long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and other potential confounders. Due to adjustment for intake of protein, levels of carbohydrate indirectly reflect levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio.
Diet, Cancer and Health follow-up study, Denmark. Women and men (n 29 152) aged 55 years. For a high intake of n-6 PUFA (6·9 % of energy) v. a low intake of n-6 PUFA (3·4 % of energy), the difference in 5-year weight change was -189·7 g (95 % CI -636·8, 257·4 g) at a low carbohydrate:protein ratio and -86·7 g (95 % CI -502·9, 329·6 g) at a high carbohydrate:protein ratio; the differences in 5-year waist circumference change were 0·26 cm (95 % CI -0·47, 0·98 cm) and -0·52 cm (95 % CI -1·19, 0·15 cm), respectively.
Inclusion of the dietary glycaemic index did not change the results. No consistent associations between the intake of n-6 PUFA and change in body weight or waist circumference at different levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio were observed.
Language: | English |
---|---|
Publisher: | Cambridge University Press |
Year: | 2015 |
Pages: | 1317-1323 |
ISSN: | 14752727 and 13689800 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1017/S1368980014001578 |
ORCIDs: | Overvad, Kim , 0000-0003-4821-430X and 0000-0002-6024-0917 |
Algorithms Body Mass Index Cohort Studies Denmark Dietary Carbohydrates Dietary Fats, Unsaturated Dietary Proteins Dietary carbohydrates Dietary fats Dietary proteins Energy Intake Fatty Acids, Omega-6 Feeding Behavior Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Middle Aged Models, Biological Obesity Waist Circumference Weight Gain Weight Loss dietary carbohydrates dietary fats dietary proteins obesity