Journal article
Interplay between genetic predisposition, macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes incidence: analysis within EPIC-InterAct across eight European countries
University of Cambridge1
Basque Government2
Université Paris-Saclay3
IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori - Milano4
International Agency for Research on Cancer5
Instituto Murciano De Investigación Biosanitaria6
Aarhus University7
National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark8
Research Group for Risk Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark9
German Cancer Research Center10
University of Oxford11
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke12
Danish Cancer Society13
University of Granada14
Lund University15
Utrecht University16
Centro Per Lo Studio E La Prevenzione Oncologica17
University of Naples Federico II18
Umeå University19
Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare20
University of Turin21
Regional Health Service ASL TO322
German Center for Diabetes Research23
National Institute of Public Health and the Environment24
Provincial Health Agency of Ragusa25
Associazione Iblea per la Ricerca Epidemiologica26
University of Gothenburg27
Institute Catala Oncologia28
Public University of Navarre29
CIBER - Center for Biomedical Research Network30
Imperial College London31
Bjørknes University College32
Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa33
...and 23 moreAims/hypothesis: Gene–macronutrient interactions may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes but research evidence to date is inconclusive. We aimed to increase our understanding of the aetiology of type 2 diabetes by investigating potential interactions between genes and macronutrient intake and their association with the incidence of type 2 diabetes.
Methods: We investigated the influence of interactions between genetic risk scores (GRSs) for type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and BMI and macronutrient intake on the development of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct, a prospective case-cohort study across eight European countries (N = 21,900 with 9742 incident type 2 diabetes cases).
Macronutrient intake was estimated from diets reported in questionnaires, including proportion of energy derived from total carbohydrate, protein, fat, plant and animal protein, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat and dietary fibre. Using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression, we estimated country-specific interaction results on the multiplicative scale, using random-effects meta-analysis.
Secondary analysis used isocaloric macronutrient substitution. Results: No interactions were identified between any of the three GRSs and any macronutrient intake, with low-to-moderate heterogeneity between countries (I2 range 0–51.6%). Results were similar using isocaloric macronutrient substitution analyses and when weighted and unweighted GRSs and individual SNPs were examined.
Conclusions/interpretation: Genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and BMI did not modify the association between macronutrient intake and incident type 2 diabetes. This suggests that macronutrient intake recommendations to prevent type 2 diabetes do not need to account for differences in genetic predisposition to these three metabolic conditions.
| Language: | English |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Year: | 2018 |
| Pages: | 1325-1332 |
| Journal subtitle: | Clinical, Translational and Experimental Diabetes and Metabolism |
| ISSN: | 14320428 and 0012186x |
| Types: | Journal article |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00125-018-4586-2 |
| ORCIDs: | 0000-0002-7038-4770 and Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre |
BMI Body mass index Diabetes Diet Dietary fibre GRS Genetic risk score Insulin resistance Interaction Macronutrient SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Adult Alleles Body Mass Index Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Dietary Fiber Energy Intake Europe Female Follow-Up Studies Genetic Predisposition to Disease Human Physiology Humans Insulin Resistance Internal Medicine International Cooperation Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Middle Aged Nutrients Nutrition Assessment Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Surveys and Questionnaires White People diabetes diet dietary fibre genetic risk score insulin resistance interaction macronutrient
