Journal article
Economic feasibility of on-site greywater reuse in multi-storey buildings
Division of Environmental, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
This paper analyses the economic feasibility of on-site greywater reuse in the urban sector. RBC- and MBR-based systems were selected as model systems for the economic analysis. The analysis showed that the investment costs of an RBC-based system consist of less than 0.5% of the price of a flat for buildings of more than 20 flats (five storeys).
At a water price of 1.16 US$/m3 and sewage charges of 0.3 US$/m3, the RBC-based system became economically feasible when the building size reached seven storeys (28 flats). The on-site MBR-based system proved to be economically unrealistic, becoming economically feasible only when the building size exceeded 40 storeys.
Cluster MBR-based systems, incorporating several buildings together, became feasible when the cluster size was four buildings or more (each 10 storeys high). A subsidy of 0.7 US$/m3reused resulted in much smaller systems becoming economically feasible: four-storey buildings (16 flats) for the RBC system and two buildings for the cluster MBR system.
The on-site MBR system (single building) remained unfeasible.
Language: | English |
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Year: | 2005 |
Pages: | 221-234 |
ISSN: | 18734464 and 00119164 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.desal.2005.10.007 |