Journal article
Risk Factors for and Estimated Incidence of Community-associated Clostridium difficile Infection, North Carolina, USA1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (P.K. Kutty, S.R. Benoit, L.C. McDonald)
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA (C.W. Woods, S. Naggie, J. Frederick)
Duke University Medical Center, Durham (C.W. Woods, S. Naggie, S. Evans); Durham County Health Department, Durham (A.C. Sena)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (A.C. Sena)
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA (J. Engel)
Presented in part at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 12–15, 2006.
Antimicrobial drug exposure is the most common modifiable risk factor for infection. We determined estimated incidence of and risk factors for community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) among patients treated at 6 North Carolina hospitals. CA-CDI case-patients were defined as adults (>18 years of age) with a positive stool test result for C. difficile toxin and no hospitalization within the prior 8 weeks.
CA-CDI incidence was 21 and 46 per 100,000 person-years in Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients and Durham County populations, respectively. VA case-patients were more likely than controls to have received antimicrobial drugs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 17.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.6–48] and to have had a recent outpatient visit (aOR 5.1, 95% CI 1.5–17.9).
County case-patients were more likely than controls to have received antimicrobial drugs (aOR 9.1, 95% CI 2.9–28.9), to have gastroesophageal reflux disease (aOR 11.2, 95% CI 1.9–64.2), and to have cardiac failure (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1–13.7). Risk factors for CA-CDI overlap with those for healthcare-associated infection.
| Language: | Undetermined |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Year: | 2010 |
| Pages: | 198-204 |
| ISSN: | 10806059 and 10806040 |
| Types: | Journal article |
| DOI: | 10.3201/eid1602.090953 |
Adult Age Distribution Aged Aged, 80 and over Bacterial Proteins Bacterial Toxins Case-Control Studies Clostridium Infections Clostridium difficile Community-Acquired Infections Dysentery Enterotoxins Feces Female Humans Incidence Infectious and parasitic diseases Male Medicine Middle Aged North Carolina Odds Ratio Prejudice R RC109-216 Risk Factors Veterans Young Adult bacteria community enteric infections incidence research risk factors tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile toxB protein, Clostridium difficile
