Journal article
Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Background and Purpose- We hypothesized that total marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the diet and in adipose tissue (biomarkers of long-term intake and endogenous exposure) were inversely associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and its subtypes.
Methods- The Diet, Cancer and Health cohort consisted of 57 053 participants aged 50 to 65 years at enrolment. All participants filled in a food frequency questionnaire and had an adipose tissue biopsy taken at baseline. Information on ischemic stroke during follow-up was obtained from The Danish National Patient Register, and all cases were validated.
Cases and a random sample of 3203 subjects from the whole cohort had their fatty acid composition of adipose tissue determined by gas chromatography. Results- During 13.5 years of follow-up 1879 participants developed an ischemic stroke. Adipose tissue content of EPA was inversely associated with total ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.88) when comparing the highest with the lowest quartile.
Also, lower rates of large artery atherosclerosis were seen with higher intakes of total marine n-3 PUFA (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50-0.95), EPA (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.48-0.91) and DHA (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99), and higher adipose tissue content of EPA (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.36-0.76). Higher rates of cardioembolism were seen with higher intakes of total marine n-3 PUFA (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.38-4.53) and DHA (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.21-3.69) as well as with higher adipose tissue content of total marine n-3 PUFA (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.33-5.19) and DHA (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.04-3.84).
The EPA content in adipose tissue was inversely associated with small-vessel occlusion (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.88). Conclusions- EPA was associated with lower risks of most types of ischemic stroke, apart from cardioembolism, while inconsistent findings were observed for total marine n-3 PUFA and DHA.
Language: | English |
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Year: | 2019 |
Pages: | 274-282 |
ISSN: | 15244628 and 00392499 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023384 |
ORCIDs: | 0000-0002-2518-9335 , 0000-0001-6429-7921 and Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre |
SDG 14 - Life Below Water SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being adipose tissue docosahexaenoic acids eicosapentaenoic acid fatty acids
Acute Disease Aged Anthropometry Brain Ischemia Chromatography, Gas Denmark Diet Records Dietary Fats Docosahexaenoic Acids Eicosapentaenoic Acid Fatty Acids, Omega-3 Feeding Behavior Female Fish Oils Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Middle Aged Proportional Hazards Models Sampling Studies Subcutaneous Fat Surveys and Questionnaires