Journal article
International collaborative study on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from animals, humans, food and the environment in 13 European countries
Central Veterinary Institute1
Health Protection Agency2
Finnish Food Safety Authority3
National Veterinary Institute4
National Veterinary Research Institute5
Division of Microbiology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark6
National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark7
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana8
Scientific Institute of Public Health Safety9
Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences10
Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria de Algete11
Federal Institute for Risk Assessment12
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory13
...and 3 moreOBJECTIVES: This study was initiated to collect retrospective information on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates in Europe and to identify the responsible genes. METHODS: Databases of national reference laboratories containing MIC values for Salmonella and E. coli isolated between 1994 and 2009 in animals, humans, food and the environment from 13 European countries were screened for isolates exhibiting a defined quinolone resistance phenotype, i.e. reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and nalidixic acid.
PCR and sequence analysis were performed to identify the responsible PMQR genes. RESULTS: Screening of databases of 13 European countries resulted in a selection of 1215 Salmonella and 333 E. coli isolates. PMQR genes were identified in 59% of the Salmonella isolates and 15% of the E. coli isolates selected.
In Salmonella, qnrS1 (n = 125) and variants of qnrB (n = 138) were frequently identified, whereas qnrA1 (n = 3) and aac(6')-1b-cr (n = 3) were rarely found. qnrD was detected in 22 Salmonella isolates obtained from humans and animals. In E. coli, qnrS1 was identified in 19 isolates and qnrB19 was found in one isolate.
No qnrC or qepA genes were detected in either Salmonella or E. coli. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the occurrence and dissemination of PMQR genes in Salmonella and E. coli in Europe with a defined quinolone resistance phenotype. We also report the first detection of qnrD in Salmonella collected in Europe.
Language: | English |
---|---|
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Year: | 2011 |
Pages: | 1278-1286 |
ISSN: | 14602091 and 03057453 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1093/jac/dkr084 |
ORCIDs: | Cavaco, Lina and Aarestrup, Frank Møller |
Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents DNA, Bacterial Drug Resistance, Bacterial Environmental Microbiology Escherichia coli Escherichia coli Infections Europe Food Microbiology Genes, Bacterial Humans Microbial Sensitivity Tests Molecular Epidemiology Plasmids Polymerase Chain Reaction Quinolones Retrospective Studies Salmonella Infections Salmonella Infections, Animal Salmonella enterica Sequence Analysis, DNA aac(6′)-1b-cr qnr