Journal article
An integrated approach to coastal and biological observations
Danish Meteorological Institute1
Spanish Institute of Oceanography2
University of Bordeaux3
Flanders Marine Institute4
Tallinn University of Technology5
Utrecht University6
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research7
University of Porto8
Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency9
Finnish Meteorological Institute10
Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli11
Marine Board – European Science Foundation12
University of Pisa13
University of St Andrews14
Euratom-ENEA-CNR Association15
National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark16
Section for Marine Living Resources, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark17
University College Dublin18
Polish Academy of Sciences19
...and 9 moreMaritime economy, ecosystem-based management and climate change adaptation and mitigation raise emerging needs on coastal ocean and biological observations. Integrated ocean observing aims at optimizing sampling strategies and cost-efficiency, sharing data and best practices, and maximizing the value of the observations for multiple purposes.
Recently developed cost-effective, near real time technology such as gliders, radars, ferrybox, and shallow water Argo floats, should be used operationally to generate operational coastal sea observations and analysis. Furthermore, value of disparate coastal ocean observations can be unlocked with multi-dimensional integration on fitness-for-the-purpose, parameter and instrumental.
Integration of operational monitoring with offline monitoring programs, such as those for research, ecosystem-based management and commercial purposes, is necessary to fill the gaps. Such integration should lead to a system of networks which can deliver data for all kinds of purposes. Detailed integration activities are identified which should enhance the coastal ocean and biological observing capacity.
Ultimately a program is required which integrates physical, biogeochemical and biological observation of the ocean, from coastal to deep-sea environments, bringing together global, regional, and local observation efforts.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | Frontiers Media S.A. |
Year: | 2019 |
ISSN: | 22967745 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.3389/fmars.2019.00314 |
ORCIDs: | Christensen, Asbjørn |