Journal article
Genetic diversity of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O in Pakistan and Afghanistan, 1997–2009
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark1
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations2
Quaid-I-Azam University3
Sektion for Eksotiske Virussygdomme, Division of Virology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark4
Division of Virology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark5
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Pakistan and Afghanistan; serotypes O, A and Asia-1 of the virus are responsible for the outbreaks in these countries with FMDV type O usually being the most common. In the present study, the nucleotide sequences encoding the FMDV capsid protein VP1 from virus samples were determined.
Phylogenetic analysis of the serotype O FMD viruses circulating in Pakistan and Afghanistan between 1997 and 2009 revealed the presence of at least three different lineages within the ME-SA (Middle East South Asia) topotype. The three lineages detected in this study are Pak98, Iran2001 and PanAsia. The PanAsia lineage is currently dominant in the area and is evolving with time as revealed by the appearance of distinct variants e.g.
PanAsia-II and a new variant designated here as PanAsia-III. The rates of evolution of the O-PanAsia-II and III sublineages prevalent in the region were found to be 6.65×10−3 (95% CI=5.49–7.80×10−3) and 7.80×10−3 (95% CI=6.72–8.89×10−3) substitutions per nucleotide per year, respectively. The present study reveals the presence of multiple (sub-)lineages of FMDV serotype O co-circulating in the region and that significant new variants are frequently emerging.
Language: | English |
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Year: | 2011 |
Pages: | 1229-1238 |
ISSN: | 15677257 and 15671348 |
Types: | Journal article |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.03.006 |
ORCIDs: | Belsham, Graham |
Afghanistan Animals Buffaloes Capsid Proteins Capsid Proteins/genetics Cattle Foot-and-Mouth Disease Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/classification Foot-and-Mouth Disease/virology Genetic Variation Goats Pakistan Phylogeny Phylogeography Regression Analysis Sequence Analysis, DNA Serotyping Sheep VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus