Conference paper
V2G enabled EVs providing frequency containment reserves: field results
Frequency regulation is procured by transmission system operators (TSOs) to ensure stable and reliable operation of power systems. In the Nordic energy region, frequency-controlled normal operation reserve (FNR) is one of the services that require fast-response. Electric vehicles (EVs) with vehicle to grid (V2G) capability may be considered an FNR provider in a future renewable-based power system.
This paper presents results from the first commercial V2G hub in the Nordic area using the EV fleet of Frederiksberg Forsyning. The results are achieved by participating in the Danish frequency regulation market, and provide an analysis of the EV fleet operational data. Additionally, an analysis on practical issues that may result from realistic implementation of frequency regulation, such as delays, measurement errors and physical equipment constraints is given.
These issues must be taken into account when developing new strategies for providing frequency services with EVs in a future scenario. Results show that a set of EVs operating in aggregated mode is able to support the grid while satisfying the primary goal of the EV fleet, i.e. transportation of fleet customers.
Language: | English |
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Publisher: | IEEE |
Year: | 2018 |
Pages: | 1814-19 |
Proceedings: | 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology |
ISBN: | 1509059482 , 1509059490 , 1509059504 , 9781509059485 , 9781509059492 and 9781509059508 |
Types: | Conference paper |
DOI: | 10.1109/ICIT.2018.8352459 |
ORCIDs: | Hashemi, Seyedmostafa , Andersen, Peter Bach and Traholt, Chresten |
EV fleet Electric vehicles Frequency regulation Practical issues SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy Services
Automobiles Batteries Danish frequency regulation market EV fleet operational data FNR provider Frederiksberg Forsyning Frequency control Nordic energy region Power system stability Production State of charge Vehicle-to-grid battery powered vehicles battery storage plants commercial V2G hub electric vehicles frequency containment reserves frequency control frequency services frequency-controlled normal operation reserve grid capability power grids power markets power systems power transmission control renewable-based power system transmission system operators vehicle to grid capability